About the Forum||Journals||FPP Online||Contributor Information||Board Members||Order Forms||Contact|
|| Back to Forum on Public Policy Online||Fall 2006 || Winter 2007 || Spring 2007 || Summer 2007 ||
Summer 2008: Table of Contents
||Curriculum||Environment||History||Human Rights Law||Literature||Migration and Diversity||Religion||
||Trade||Arts and Sciences (Two Cultures)|| Women's Issues||
TradeBack to top
Back to top
Central America Central Bank: Proposal of Monetary Integration of Central America
Juan Castro
Abstract
World-wide economic integration is irreversible. In the last 30 years, many countries have integrated with the purpose of expanding their economies. Countries have found that they obtain more benefits than costs in the establishment of integrated markets which increases the economic and social well-being of its citizens. The expected benefits of economic integrations has influenced that economic integration such as CAFTA, NAFTA, MERCOSUR, the EEC have taken place. The Europeans already have created their own central bank, the Asian countries and those of South America are seeking in the future to establish their central bank. It seems that it is inevitable, that monetary integration, through the creation of a central bank, must come, because it makes sense to reunite homogenous countries and their financial and monetary forces in order to exert economic impulse and growth in their economies
This paper seeks to start the debate on the creation of the Central America Central Bank (CACB). This essay proposes for the establishment of a Central Bank in Central American (Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama), and support this idea by providing a history of economic, cultural, and demographic rationale, and financial conditions based on historical conditions. The author argues that this monetary integration will contribute to the economic and financial stability of the region, provoking in economic prosperity for the residents of these countries.
Fairer Trade & the Human Right to Development—A Perfect Match or Misconceived Twins
Jianfu Chen
Introduction
The discussion of and debate on ‘social issues’ during the Uruguay Round (1986-93) of the GATT/WTO negotiations highlighted the potential impact of trade liberalisation on certain human rights (e.g. labour standards, environment protection etc). However, it would be wrong to assume that the link between trade liberalisation and human rights was established in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In fact, these two issues were the twin considerations in the post-War reconstruction efforts and form the cornerstone of the United Nations.
Consequences of Trade Liberalization in Integration Groups Created by the Russian Federation
Katarzyna Czerewacz
Abstract
The objective of this article is to define the role and place of Russian Federation in regional integration groups, to define how they contribute to building Russia’s status in the region and the whole world economy. From the geostrategic point of view after the collapse of the Communistic System Russia found itself in a different situation. It became necessary to build a new system of references and international relations both within the region and the whole world. The scope and character of liberalization processes in such groups as the Union of Belarus and Russia, the Eurasian Economic Community, Shanghai Cooperation Organization are far from typical free trade zones. Many of the countries belonging thereto are not members of the World Trade Organization and, consequently, the discrimination character of this groups in relation to third parties can be seen.
The main assumption of this article is that the policy of regional integration appears at the moment as an essential factor of building the power of the Russian Federation, and the selective policy of trade liberalization is expected to lead to the strengthening of the position and an increase in the competitiveness of the countries belonging to the groups. This policy appears in a special dimension in the context of fuels and energetic security of the world.
Agricultural Trade Liberalization and Human Rights : Economic Analysis for Poverty Reduction in LDCs—A Survey
Atsuko Matsumura
Abstract
This paper investigates the economic effects of agricultural trade liberalization of developed countries on poverty reduction of least developed countries (LDCs), and considers the problems to be solved to protect human rights of the people of least developed countries (LDCs). As agriculture is important in LDCs’ productions, exports and also imports, it is necessary to assess the trade liberalization effects from several points of view. Overall, it stresses that it is indispensable to overcome the difficulties of trade liberalization negotiation in Doha Development Round for the people of LDCs to have higher standard of living.
Trade and Declining Worker Rights In Nigeria’s Textile Industry: 1997-2006
Teresa Mwuese Nmadu
Abstract
Although performance of the textile industry in Nigeria would have been dismal due to many internal factors among them poor infrastructure, industry watchers observe that since Nigeria joined the WTO her fortunes took a turn for the worse with attendant job losses and worsening economic outlook. No country can exist without trade, Nigeria inclusive, but with the dismal performance of the textile sector, employers could no longer guarantee jobs for workers; dependended on used obsolete equipment that lowered safety and health of workers ;increased management clamping hard on unions who now perceive globalisation and world economic integration as a second colonialisation experience. All of these impacted on trade figures for Nigeriain the period of the study.
This paper examines the trade dynamics from 1997 to 2006 and details the workers’ rights that have declined over the years among them right to gainful employment and rightsto safety and health all covered by article 29.The study disovered that social change fuelled trade and Nigeria’s joining of the WTO was a coincidence. The paper recommends among other things, the reinventing of the mission and vision of the textile industry along global markets demand, for really, there are no more domestic or foreign markets, just markets: global markets with global dynamics for global players.
Trade Liberalization and Human Rights: A Case Study of a Rural Region in Atlantic Canada
Sid-Ahmed Selouani and Habib Hamam
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to discuss the issue of how Canada’s rural areas remain economically or culturally viable in the context of trade liberalization. One of the central elements of this trade liberalization is the changing level and nature of international trade since it is highly influenced by the explosion of information and communication technologies (ICT). Since increasing economic and cultural isolation of rural communities presents a human right issue, the question is how to ensure that these areas, traditionally oriented to primary industries, can benefit from globalization. A case study of a rural region in northern New Brunswick, Canada, is presented.
©Copyright by the Forum on Public Policy
All rights Reserved. Electronic edition published 2006 |
